Disminución de la razón neutrófilo/linfocito se asocia con el dengue con signos de alarma: Un estudio de casos y controles

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Ericka Jasmín Montenegro-Mejía
Lissett Jeanette Fernández-Rodríguez
Víctor Hugo Bardales-Zuta

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Introducción: Dado que las manifestaciones clínicas del dengue pueden variar de leves a graves, encontrar métodos para predecir casos graves ayudará a optimizar el uso de los recursos médicos. Un posible predictor de gravedad es el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos (INL). Material y método: Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo de casos y controles con 232 historias clínicas de un hospital del norte de Perú para evaluar cómo el INL puede diferenciar entre casos de dengue con signos de alarma (DWWS) y sin signos de alarma (DNWS). Resultados: El análisis bivariado indicó que el DWWS está asociado con una reducción en el INL, la reinfección y la juventud. La distribución del INL fue bifásica en los casos de DNWS. Identificamos un umbral de INL de 1,5, que resulta en una sensibilidad del 86% para identificar casos de DWWS y una especificidad del 71% para identificar correctamente los casos de DNWS. Discusión: La distribución bifásica del INL sugiere que un único umbral es más efectivo para descartar DNWS que para identificar casos. No obstante, estos datos indican que el INL puede servir para cribar de casos con alto riesgo de desarrollar DWWS y para descartar con precisión los casos de DNWS. El INL puede utilizarse como una herramienta diagnóstica simple para la clasificación de pacientes con dengue, lo que permite una asignación optimizada de los recursos sanitarios.

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